Genital herpes is a virus caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), infecting up to one in eight Australians. It can cause outbreaks of painful blisters or sores on the genitals and anus, which may recur throughout a person's life once they are infected. While there is currently no cure for genital herpes, the symptoms are manageable, and transmission between partners can be reduced. If you experience symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor to determine the appropriate treatment for you.

Syphilis is spread through skin-to-skin contact during sex, including oral, vaginal, and anal sex. The symptoms can vary depending on the stage of the disease. If left untreated, syphilis can cause damage to various parts of the body, including the heart and brain. It is essential to seek medical attention if you suspect you have syphilis, as early detection and treatment are crucial.

Hepatitis B is a liver infection that can be transmitted through various body fluids, including sexual contact. If left untreated, it can lead to an increased risk of liver cancer and cirrhosis (scarring of the liver). It's important to take precautions to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B, such as practicing safe sex and getting vaccinated if you are at risk. If you suspect you may have been exposed to hepatitis B, consult a healthcare professional for testing and appropriate management.

Hepatitis C is another liver infection that is primarily spread through contact with infected blood. While needle-sharing is the most common cause of infection in Australia, certain sexual activities, particularly those involving blood-on-blood contact like unprotected anal sex, can also transmit the virus. Symptoms may include nausea, fatigue, jaundice, and fever, although many people do not experience symptoms until liver damage has occurred. Effective medical treatments for hepatitis C are available, so it's important to consult a doctor for the right treatment options.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is transmitted through certain bodily fluids, primarily through unprotected sexual activities. If left untreated, the virus attacks the immune system, eventually leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, with early diagnosis and proper management, most people can experience near-normal life expectancy and minimal symptoms. It's crucial to seek medical care, get tested regularly, and adhere to appropriate treatment plans if you are diagnosed with HIV.